Also called Vegvisir, Way-shower, Icelandic runic compass
An Icelandic magical stave said to keep its bearer from losing the way in storms and bad weather. It is recorded in the Huld manuscript of 1860 and has become hugely popular as a tattoo and car emblem, often wrongly called a Viking compass.
TraditionIcelandic galdrastafir (magical staves)
RegionIceland
Era19th century
Moon◐ Any moon
DayAny
ElementAir
Difficulty●○○ Simple
Time20 minutes
Tonight's moon is read when the page loads.
The working
Look at a reliable reproduction of the Huld manuscript drawing so you copy the right shape: eight arms from a center, each ending in a different mark.
On a calm day, sit somewhere quiet and draw the stave carefully, one arm at a time.
As you finish, say plainly where you are going and that you mean to come home.
Fold the paper and carry it on you, in a wallet or the glove box, as the manuscript says it must be carried.
Before a hard drive in bad weather, touch the paper, check your route and your lights, and go slow.
When the paper wears out, burn it safely in a fireproof dish and draw a fresh one.
Take care: If you burn an old copy, use a fireproof dish outdoors or by a sink. No sign replaces a charged phone, a paper map and checking the weather.
Versions across time and place
i
The Huld manuscript leaf
Akureyri, North Iceland · 1860
Geir Vigfússon of Akureyri compiled the Huld manuscript in 1860, a collection of magical signs. The vegvísir appears on its leaf 27r with a one-line note: whoever carries the sign will not lose the way in storms or bad weather, even when the way is unknown. No earlier copy of the design is known.
Uses: Paper, Ink
Recorded in: Huld manuscript, ÍB 383 4to, National and University Library of Iceland; Vegvísir (Wikipedia)
ii
Galdrakver copies
Icelandic grimoire manuscripts · 19th century
The Czech researcher Tomáš Vlasatý points to similar staves in two other Icelandic magical notebooks (galdrakver) held in the national library, and argues the sign has Christian rather than pagan roots. These books mix staves with prayers to God and the saints, typical of Icelandic folk magic of the period.
Recorded in: Tomáš Vlasatý, discussion of Lbs 2917 a 4to and Lbs 4627 8vo, summarized in Vegvísir (Wikipedia)
iii
The modern emblem
Global Nordic revival and tattoo culture · Late 20th century to present
Since the late 20th century the stave has spread as a tattoo, jewelry design and car decal, usually sold as an ancient Viking navigation charm. Historians point out there is no Viking-age evidence for it. People who use it today usually mean it as a wish to find the way home, which matches the 1860 note well enough.
Recorded in: Routes North, 'The truth behind the Vegvisir symbol'; Nordic Perspective, 'Vegvisir: A Complete Guide'
History
Icelandic galdrastafir are drawn signs for practical ends: catching fish, winning a lawsuit, protecting livestock, finding the way. They survive mostly in paper manuscripts of the 17th to 19th centuries, written by farmers, priests and scholars who mixed old Norse words, Latin, Christian prayer and learned magic from Europe. The Huld manuscript, compiled by Geir Vigfússon (1813 to 1880) in Akureyri in 1860, is a late gathering of such signs and is now held in Reykjavík.
The vegvísir is not attested before Huld, and some scholars think Vigfússon may have built it from older stave designs. That does not make it a fake; it makes it a 19th-century Icelandic sign, not a Viking one. Its modern fame came with Icelandic and heavy-metal culture, tattoo flash and online Norse revival from the 1990s on. Drivers put it on dashboards and bumpers for the same reason sailors once carried it in their pockets.