Also called Trevi Fountain coin toss, wishing well coin, votive coin offering
Throw a coin into a fountain or well, back turned at the Trevi Fountain in Rome, to wish for a safe return or a dream fulfilled. It continues an ancient habit of giving coins to the spirits of springs.
TraditionRoman and European water offerings
RegionItaly, Britain and across Europe
EraAncient Rome to present; Trevi custom popularised in the 1950s
Moon◐ Any moon
DayMonday · Moon
ElementWater
Difficulty●○○ Simple
TimeA minute
Tonight's moon is read when the page loads.
The working
Find a fountain or well where coins are welcome. Many are collected for charity.
Hold the coin in your right hand and think of your wish, usually to return to the place or to travel safely.
At the Trevi Fountain, stand with your back to the water.
Toss the coin over your left shoulder with your right hand.
Do not fish it out or take coins from the water; the offering is meant to stay given.
Leave quietly. Popular custom says one coin brings you back, two bring romance and three bring marriage.
Take care: Never wade into or take coins from public fountains; at Trevi it is illegal and fined. Throw gently so you do not hit people or damage the stonework.
Versions across time and place
i
Coventina's Well
Romano-British offering · 1st to 4th century AD
Beside Hadrian's Wall at Carrawburgh, soldiers threw offerings into a spring sacred to the goddess Coventina. Its excavation in 1876 recovered over 13,000 Roman coins, plus altars, brooches and pins, spanning Mark Antony to Gratian.
Uses: coins, pins, small brooches
Recorded in: Northumberland Historic Environment Record, 'Coventina's Well'
ii
Three Coins in the Fountain
Hollywood and tourist custom · 1954
Three American women in Rome toss coins in the Trevi Fountain hoping for love. The film, its Oscar-winning song and the earlier Roman Holiday made the coin toss a must-do for visitors.
Uses: coin
Recorded in: Three Coins in the Fountain (1954, dir. Jean Negulesco)
iii
Bent pins and wishing wells
British and Irish holy wells · Medieval to 19th century
At many British and Irish wells visitors dropped a bent pin rather than a coin, bending it so it could not be used again and so truly belonged to the well. Later the coin took its place.
Uses: straight pin, bent
Recorded in: Regional holy-well folklore
History
Romans honoured springs and rivers as sacred and often threw coins and small gifts into them. The Trevi Fountain sits at the end of the Aqua Virgo, an aqueduct first built in 19 BC, and the present fountain was designed by Nicola Salvi and finished in 1762. In Britain, the spring of Coventina at Carrawburgh held more than 13,000 Roman coins when excavated in 1876, and the hot spring at Bath, sacred to Sulis Minerva, has yielded thousands more along with curse tablets.
The Trevi custom of throwing a coin over the shoulder to return to Rome became world-famous after Roman Holiday (1953) and Three Coins in the Fountain (1954). An estimated 3,000 euros are thrown in each day. Since 2001 the city has passed the money to Caritas, the Catholic charity, which uses it to feed and help poor Romans. A 2019 plan to redirect the money was dropped after public outcry.