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En-musubi and the Red Thread

Also called red thread of fate, akai ito, yinyuan hongxian

East Asian belief that destined partners are tied by an invisible red thread, honored in Japan by en-musubi prayers for good bonds at Izumo Taisha and in Chinese communities through the matchmaker god Yue Lao. This entry gives an open home practice inspired by both.

TraditionChinese Taoist folk belief and Japanese Shinto custom
RegionChina, Taiwan, Japan
EraTang dynasty legend (9th century); living practice today
Moon○ Full moon
DayMoon
ElementSpirit
Difficulty●○○ Simple
Time15 minutes

Tonight's moon is read when the page loads.

The working

  1. On a clear evening, ideally near a full moon, sit where you can see the moon or a window.
  2. Write on paper the good bonds you hope for: a partner, but also friends, work and family ties, since en-musubi means all good connections.
  3. Tie one end of the red thread loosely around your little finger (or ankle, in the older Chinese telling) and hold the other end toward the moon or the open window.
  4. Say thanks for the bonds you already have, then ask that the right person find their way to you in their own time.
  5. Untie the thread, wrap it around the folded paper, and put both in the envelope.
  6. Keep it in a drawer or carry it. If you visit a shrine or temple later, you may leave thanks there in the way that place asks.

Take care: Tie the thread loosely and never sleep with it around a finger or ankle. At real shrines and temples, follow posted etiquette and do not take or move offerings.

Versions across time and place

i

Izumo Taisha four-clap prayer

Japanese Shinto · living practice

Izumo Taisha in Shimane enshrines Okuninushi, kami of en-musubi. Visitors pray with two bows, four claps and one bow instead of the usual two claps; a popular explanation is two claps for yourself and two for a partner. Many buy en-musubi charms (omamori) there.

Uses: omamori charm

Recorded in: Izumo Oyashiro official overview; Japan National Tourism Organization
ii

Kamiarizuki, the month with gods

Izumo regional Shinto belief · medieval to present

In the tenth lunar month the kami of Japan are said to gather at Izumo to decide the year's marriages and fortunes. The rest of Japan calls it Kannazuki, the month without gods, while Izumo calls it Kamiarizuki, the month with gods. The Kamiari festival is kept quiet so as not to disturb their meeting.

Recorded in: Wikipedia, 'Izumo-taisha'; Japan Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism multilingual text
iii

Yue Lao's red cord

Chinese Taoist folk religion · Tang dynasty story; temple practice today

In the Tang story, a young man named Wei Gu meets an old man reading by moonlight who carries red cords for tying the feet of future spouses. Today people pray to Yue Lao at temples in Taiwan and China and receive blessed red threads to carry.

Uses: red thread

Recorded in: Wikipedia, 'Yue Lao' and 'Red thread of fate'

History

The Chinese red thread comes from tales of Yue Xia Laoren, the Old Man Under the Moon. The best-known story, set in the Tang dynasty, tells of Wei Gu, who meets the old matchmaker at night and learns that a red cord already ties him to a small child. Fourteen years later he marries a governor's daughter and finds she is that same girl. In the oldest telling the cord binds the ankles.

In Japan the image moved to the little finger and blended with en-musubi, the Shinto idea of tying good bonds. Izumo Taisha in Shimane, one of Japan's oldest shrines, enshrines Okuninushi, linked with marriage and good connections. Shrine prayer is a living religious practice: visitors of any background are welcome to pray respectfully, but the home version above is an open adaptation, not a shrine rite.

Sources

  1. An Overview of Izumo Oyashiro Shrine · Izumo Oyashiro
  2. Izumo Taisha · Japan National Tourism Organization
  3. Red thread of fate · Wikipedia
  4. Izumo-taisha · Wikipedia

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