Also called Ring of Solomon, Solomon's Seal (symbol), Khatam Sulaiman
The legendary signet ring of King Solomon, said to give him command over demons, and the star symbol (a hexagram or a pentagram) later used for it on amulets across Jewish, Christian and Islamic magic.
TraditionJewish, Christian and Islamic legend; Western ceremonial magic
RegionNear East, Mediterranean, Europe, North Africa
Era1st century CE legend; star form medieval
Moon◐ Any moon
DaySaturday · Saturn
ElementSpirit
Difficulty●○○ Simple
Time20 minutes
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The working
Decide which form you are honoring: the six-pointed hexagram of the medieval Arabic and Jewish tradition, or the five-pointed form used in Renaissance European magic. Both are called the Seal of Solomon.
Draw a circle and, inside it, the star in a single careful line or two interlaced triangles. Old amulets often surrounded it with a ring of letters or a divine name.
In the oldest stories the ring bore the name of God rather than a picture, so write a word of blessing or a name for God from your own faith in or around the star.
Light the candle if you use one, and ask for wisdom, the gift Solomon asked for in the Bible, and for protection from whatever troubles your home or mind.
Keep the drawing folded in a wallet, over a doorway, or wear a ring or pendant with the seal as a reminder.
Remember that the six-pointed star is also the Star of David, a cherished Jewish symbol; use it respectfully and never mockingly.
Take care: The hexagram is the central symbol of Jewish identity; do not use it in ways that mock or misrepresent Judaism. If you burn a candle, keep it on a heatproof dish and never leave it unattended.
Versions across time and place
i
The ring in the Testament of Solomon
Greek Judeo-Christian magical text · 1st to 5th century CE and later
In this Greek text, Solomon prays in the Temple and the archangel Michael brings him a ring whose seal binds demons. He uses it to question a series of demons about their powers and the angels who defeat them, and sets them to work building the Temple.
Recorded in: Testament of Solomon, trans. F. C. Conybeare (Jewish Quarterly Review, 1898); ed. C. C. McCown (1922)
ii
The Talmudic ring of Ashmedai
Babylonian Talmud · c. 3rd to 6th century CE
Solomon captures Ashmedai, king of demons, with a chain and a ring engraved with the divine name. Ashmedai later tricks him out of the ring and takes his throne for a time. Here the power is God's name, not a star.
Recorded in: Babylonian Talmud, Gittin 68a-b
iii
Khatam Sulaiman in Islamic lore
Islamic folklore and talismans · Medieval to present
Islamic writers said the ring came from heaven, with brass and iron parts for sealing commands to good and evil jinn. A demon steals it and rules in Solomon's place until the ring is found inside a fish. The six-pointed seal appears on talismans, metalwork and in metalwork across the Islamic world.
Recorded in: Wikipedia, Seal of Solomon
History
Solomon's fame for wisdom made him the patron of exorcists in antiquity. The historian Josephus, in the 1st century, described a Jew named Eleazar drawing a demon out of a possessed man in front of Vespasian using a ring and a root prescribed by Solomon. The Greek Testament of Solomon, composed some time from the late 1st century onward, gave the ring its full legend. The Talmud's ring bore the name of God, and Encyclopaedia Judaica notes that by the 6th century Byzantine amulets already used the phrase seal of Solomon for the hexagram.
Scholars think the hexagram form spread through medieval Arabic magic and then into Spanish Kabbalah, while the pentagram form became popular in Renaissance European grimoires such as the 17th-century Lesser Key of Solomon. Jews in places like Prague used the hexagram on community banners from the 14th century, and it slowly became the Magen David, or Star of David. The star on Morocco's flag, adopted in 1915, originally represented the seal, and it also appeared on Nigeria's flag under British rule.